by Jeremy Hollmann & Marlize Lombard

Engravings on ancient granitic rocks near Keimoes inspired us to write about an idea expressed by one of the xam people who participated in the Bleek and Lloyd project in the 19th century. Read the article to find out more about this idea


Two male giraffe engaging in sparring and mounting behaviour. Both have their tails between their back legs. The giraffe on the left is lifting its front legs as it prepares to mount the giraffe on the right

Fully pecked engraving of an elephant with its trunk raised in the so-called ‘periscope sniff’, performed in order to detect and identify scents and odours in the air from many kilometres away, such as the approach of rain
